Multiple Intelligence Theory Can Help Promote Inclusive Education for Children with Intellectual Disabilities and Developmental Disorders: Historical Reviews of Intelligence Theory, Measurement Methods, and Suggestions for Inclusive Education

manner without consideration of cultural context and differences between social groups. Sternberg (1997) also argued that most conventional concepts of intelligence are too narrow and deal only with a small portion of intelligence as a whole. Sternberg (1985) proposed three basic concepts (the ability to adapt to one’s environment, the ability to deal with novel tasks, and the ability to develop expertise) and suggested that intelligence depends on acquiring these information-processing skills and strategies. For children with developmental disorders, the problems of traditional intelligence theory are more evident. The two-factor model cannot account for children with developmental disorders. Children with developmental disorders, such as high functioning autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and learning disorders, generally display normal IQ